The Second Coming of Christ

Matthew 24:37-44; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18

Introduction

“Advent” means coming, and Advent time celebrates the coming of Christ.

During the Advent season, the Christian churches through the ages have always spoken of two comings of Christ.

The Christian Ecumenical Creed, which is accepted and affirmed by all Christian churches, speaks about the two comings of Christ.

This is what the creed – summarising the biblical message - says about his first coming:

“For us all and for our salvation

he – Jesus Christ - came down from the heavens:

and became incarnate

from the holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary,

and became human.”

Today I want to speak about the second coming of Christ. The Christian Ecumenical Creed summarizes the biblical message this way:

“He - Jesus Christ - will come again in glory

to judge the living and the dead,

and his kingdom will have no end.”

I invite you to think about that confession today. What does it mean? Why have the churches to the present day recited and thereby confessed that

“Jesus Christ will come again in glory

to judge the living and the dead, . . .”?

 

An interesting anecdote

Allow me to convey to you an interesting anecdote. Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker (1912-2007) was one of Germany’s most famous scientist and philosophers in recent times. He died only four years ago. On his 70th birthday he reflected on the beginning of his scientific career and he relived the question that bothered him at that time: was it right as a Christian to study science in general and physics in particular?

He was very aware of the fact that it was scientists like him who discovered not only the wonders of nuclear technology but also the horror of the nuclear bomb – and he refused to blame politicians or the military for Nagasaki and Hiroshima. He felt that scientists must accept responsibility for their research.

Reviewing his life on his 70th birthday, he speaks about an encounter with the Swiss theologian Karl Barth. It was in the early 1950’s, after the 2nd World War; after Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He struggled with the question whether he as a Christian could and should follow his passion and become a nuclear scientist. He went to see Karl Barth and asked him that question. Knowing the ambivalence of science, how it has created the means to do marvellous indeed miraculous good, and at the same time and with the same means can cause terrific evil: can and should a Christian become a scientist?

The Karl Barth said this to him: “Herr von Weizsäcker, if you believe what all Christians confess and what hardly anyone believes, that Jesus Christ will come again, then you should continue your beloved science; if you do not believe that Jesus Christ will come again, then you should stop doing science.”[1]

Why did this great scientist and philosopher not question that reply when it was given – and indeed affirm it at the time of his retirement?

What does it mean to believe in the Second Coming of Christ, and what is its relevance for us today?

Let me suggest a few thoughts for your consideration.

 

Life in the presence of God

What von Weizsäcker meant – I think! – and the first thing I want to say to you, is that our whole life is lived in the presence of God - and to God we are responsible for what we do with our lives.

In God we live and move and have our being. To God we are ultimately responsible. To worship God with our life and to be a free and responsible human beings, that is the human destiny that we are all invited to fulfil.

That is the first point I want to make. Believing in the second coming of Jesus Christ means that we live our life in the presence of God, that we recognise God’s mystery in the world and that we are responsible to God for all that we think and do. We shall have to give account for what we have done with our life.

 

The victory of love

The second point that I want to make is that the second coming of Christ stands for the ultimate victory of love.

The 1st coming of Christ proclaims God’s unconditional and powerful YES to us! Although humanity rebelled against their creator, the “creator of heaven and earth” has not forsaken his creation. On the contrary, when humanity refused to let God be God, when humanity refused to be “creation”, when humans sought to cut themselves off from the source of life and take life into their own hands, God remained faithful to God’s promises.

God’s YES was not just a breath of air, an idea, a theory, but a personal, a costly YES, bound to Jesus’ life, death and resurrection.

God’s YES in Christ is the central content of the Christian message. The apostle Paul summarises this biblical emphasis well, when he says to the Christians in Corinth:

. . . the Son of God, Jesus Christ, whom we proclaimed among you, ..., was not ‘Yes and No’; but in him it is always ‘Yes.’  For in him every one of God’s promises is a ‘Yes.’ (2 Cor 1:19f.)

Always YES”! “... in him every one of God’s promises is a ‘Yes’.” God, the “creator of heaven and earth”, has spoken into history, and what he has said corresponds to his nature: “God is love” (1 John 4). Therefore, God has not only created the world, but God loves the world (John 3:16), and God has reconciled the world with himself (2 Cor 5:17-21). Indeed, it is God’s declared and passionate desire for “everyone to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth” (1 Tim 2:4).

From that affirmation we must not retreat! By raising the crucified Jesus from the dead, God has given

. . . him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bend, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. (Phil 2:9-11)

Those who believe in the 2nd Coming of Christ believe – often against all odds! – in the ultimate victory of Jesus Christ and therefore in the ultimate victory of love.

 

The triumph of Justice

If love is to triumph ultimately, what about those who have been sidelined? What about them? What about the victims of Hitler and Stalin and Pol Pot? What about the infants born into a loveless world - and their mothers who have no milk to feed them? Tossed about in a cruel world. What about the shadows that we have cast around us?

Shall the oppressor ultimately triumph over his innocent victim? What about the murderer and the torturer and the warier and the drug dealer and the rapist - and their victims? Shall the victims be victimised again by letting their perpetrators go free? What about the injustice that you and I have dealt out, and the injustice that you and I have experienced?

Is history its own judge, or is there a judge of history?

If history is its own judge, then love cannot and will not triumph and there will be no ultimate justice for the wretched of the earth, for the innocent children who never had the chance to develop their promise, for those legions of victims who have been thrown on the rubbish heap of history.

Those with sensitive hearts and inquiring minds have always deeply felt that problem. They therefore spoke of the “day of God”, the “day of Christ”, the “coming of the Son of Man” and the “last judgment”. They felt that love has structure and passion, and that the structure and passion of love is justice. The injustices of the “now” were to be set right “then”. If God is, and if God is just, then, ultimately, the victims will come to their right. God’s ways will be established. Ultimately the rapist will not triumph over his innocent victim! 

“He - Jesus Christ - will come again in glory

to judge the living and the dead,

and his kingdom will have no end.”

That is what we mean when we speak about judgment. Judgment means the ultimate affirmation of love and the ultimate establishing of justice.

The last judgment will establish what is right. It will make visible God’s will. God will be God! It will cleanse! It will bring to light. It will show that what we have believed and hoped for is true. No one will be forgotten. Everyone will be called by their name and recognised for their unique dignity.

Jesus Christ – God’s parable of love and justice - will be revealed as the Lord over the living and the dead: “For to this end Christ died and lived again, so that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living”(Rom 14:9).

Jesus Christ will be revealed for who he is:

Come to me, all you that are weary and are carrying heavy burdens, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me; for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. (Matthew 11:28-30)

That is the meaning of the second coming of Christ and of the last judgement. Ambiguity will be brought to light. Hidden motives will be revealed for what they are. Those who have allowed the Spirit of God to purify their hearts will see God!

 

The saviour as judge

Now, my friends, since we often associate judgment with fear, it is important to remember and not to forget, indeed have it deeply written into our being, that it is Jesus Christ who will come again to judge the living and the dead.

The judge, therefore, is none other than the saviour, the friend of humanity! The judge is none other than the shepherd who leaves the 99 who are safe, and goes out to seek the one who has got lost in the stony desert of life. The coming of Christ and the last judgment is the climax and the fulfilment of Jesus’ mission of love and justice.

It may be helpful –it is one of the insights of the Reformation - to distinguish between persons and their works. Judgment means that the works will be made known before God and then will be purified just as a carefully planned fire can cleanse and rejuvenate the bush, and prepare for new growth. That is what Paul meant:

“If the work is burned up, the builder will suffer loss; the builder will be saved, but only as through fire.” (1 Cor 3:15)

And is not this our only hope? If our standing before God would depend on our works, where would we be? In moments of humility and insight I realise how great the gulf is between what I confess and what I practise. How mixed my motives are, even for the best of my deeds. There is much to be burned away before the beauty of God’s relationship to me can shine into eternity.

At this Advent season 2011, Let us join Christians around the world and through the ages, confessing with joy and gratitude:

“Jesus Christ will come again in glory

to judge the living and the dead,

and his kingdom will have no end.”

 

TL, Canberra Dec 11, 2011

 



[1] Adapted from Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, Wahrnehmung der Neuzeit (Zürich: Ex Libris, 1985), 355f.